Which of the following is true accordin… | [국회직 8급 영어] 22년 1회차 기출문제 상세 페이지

Which of the following is true according to the passage?
Have human beings permanently changed the planet? That seemingly simple question has sparked a new battle between geologists and environmental advocates over what to call the time period we live in. According to the International Union of Geological Sciences, we are officially in the Holocene epoch, which began 11,700 years ago after the last major ice age. But that label is outdated, some experts say. They argue for “Anthropocene”—from anthropo, for “man,” and cene, for “new”—because humankind has caused mass extinctions of plant and animal species, polluted the oceans and altered the atmosphere, among other lasting impacts. However, many stratigraphers (scientists who study rock layers) criticize the idea, saying clear-cut evidence for a new epoch simply isn’t there. According to them, when we start naming geologic-time terms, we need to define what exactly the boundary is, where it appears in the rock strata. Anthropocene is more about pop culture than hard science. The crucial question is specifying exactly when human beings began to leave their mark on the planet: The atomic era, for instance, has left traces of radiation in soils around the globe, while deeper down in the rock strata, agriculture’s signature in Europe can be detected as far back as 900 A.D. The “Anthropocene,” a stratigrapher says, “provides eye-catching jargon, but from the geologic side, I need the bare-bones facts that fit the code.” Some Anthropocene proponents concede that difficulty. But don’t get bogged down in the mud, they say, just stipulate a date and move on. Will Steffen, who heads Australia National University’s Climate Change Institute, says that the new name sends a message: “It will be another strong reminder to the general public that we are now having undeniable impacts on the environment at the scale of the planet as a whole, so much so that a new geological epoch has begun.”

The geologists do not want the environmentalists to have an edge over them by favoring the action of renaming the time period.

The stratigraphers need to consider the culture in renaming the time period of the Earth.

The environmental advocates believe that human beings will get aware of their rampant activities which cause destruction if the time period of the Earth is renamed.

The geologists believe that the changes caused by human beings have been going on for a short time.

Some Anthropocene proponents agree with stratigraphers that it is difficult to find samples in the mud.

지문과 일치하는 것은 “The environmental advocates believe that human beings will get aware of their rampant activities which cause destruction if the time period of the Earth is renamed.”이다.
Will Steffen은 새 이름이 “another strong reminder to the general public”(대중을 일깨우는 또 하나의 강력한 계기)가 되어, 인간이 지구에 미치는 “undeniable impacts”(부인할 수 없는 영향)를 일깨운다고 했다.
“The geologists do not want the environmentalists to have an edge over them …”: 지질학자들의 반대 이유는 경쟁심이 아니라 증거 부족이다.
“The stratigraphers need to consider the culture …”: 층서학자들은 오히려 “more about pop culture than hard science”(과학보다 대중문화에 가깝다)라고 비판한다.
“The geologists believe that the changes caused by human beings have been going on for a short time.”: 지문은 “900 A.D.”까지 거슬러 올라가는 흔적도 언급하며, 이런 판단은 나오지 않는다.
“Some Anthropocene proponents agree with stratigraphers that it is difficult to find samples in the mud.”: “bogged down in the mud”는 ‘수렁에 빠지다’라는 비유이고, 어려움은 경계 시점 확정이다.