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법원직 9급 영어 기출문제모두CBT · moducbt.com
24년 1회차
문제 1
주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
(A)With AI, we could create systems that are beyond our control and find ourselves at the mercy of algorithms that we don't understand. With biotechnology, we could manipulate the very building blocks of life, potentially creating unintended consequences for both individuals and entire ecosystem.
(B)With biotechnology, we could engineer life to tackle diseases and transform agriculture, creating a world that is healthier and more sustainable. But on the other hand, the potential dangers of these technologies are equally vast and profound.
(C)On the one hand, the potential benefits of these technologies are vast and profound. With AI, we could unlock the secrets of the universe, cure diseases that have long eluded us and create new forms of art and culture that stretch the bounds of imagination.
*daunt 겁먹게(기죽게) 하다.
**elude (사물이)∼에게 이해되지 않다.
| Now we stand at the edge of a turning point as we face the rise of a coming wave of technology that includes both advanced AI and biotechnology. Never before have we witnessed technologies with such transformative potential, promising to reshape our world in ways that are both awe-inspiring and daunting. |
(A)With AI, we could create systems that are beyond our control and find ourselves at the mercy of algorithms that we don't understand. With biotechnology, we could manipulate the very building blocks of life, potentially creating unintended consequences for both individuals and entire ecosystem.
(B)With biotechnology, we could engineer life to tackle diseases and transform agriculture, creating a world that is healthier and more sustainable. But on the other hand, the potential dangers of these technologies are equally vast and profound.
(C)On the one hand, the potential benefits of these technologies are vast and profound. With AI, we could unlock the secrets of the universe, cure diseases that have long eluded us and create new forms of art and culture that stretch the bounds of imagination.
*daunt 겁먹게(기죽게) 하다.
**elude (사물이)∼에게 이해되지 않다.
1(B) - (A) - (C)
2(B) - (C) - (A)
3(C) - (A) - (B)
4(C) - (B) - (A)
정답 및 해설
순서는 (C) - (B) - (A)이다.
주어진 글이 AI·생명공학이 “awe-inspiring and daunting”(경이롭고도 두려운) 기술이라고 하자, (C)가 “On the one hand, the potential benefits”(한편으로 잠재적 이익)로 AI의 이점을 먼저 든다. (B)는 생명공학의 이점을 이어 말한 뒤 “But on the other hand, the potential dangers”(반면 잠재적 위험)로 전환하고, (A)가 AI·생명공학의 위험을 구체화한다.
- (B)로 시작하는 배열: (B)의 “With biotechnology”는 AI 이점을 먼저 다룬 (C) 뒤에 와야 자연스럽다.
- (C) - (A) - (B): (A)의 위험 서술이 “on the other hand, the potential dangers”라는 전환 신호보다 앞서게 된다.
문제 2
다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
| Controversy over new art-making technologies is nothing new. Many painters recoiled at the invention of the camera, which they saw as a debasement of human artistry. Charles Baudelaire, the 19th-century French poet and art critic, called photography “art’s most mortal enemy.” In the 20th century, digital editing tools and computer-assisted design programs were similarly dismissed by purists for requiring too little skill of their human collaborators. What makes the new breed of A.I. image generating tools different is not just that they’re capable of producing beautiful works of art with minimal effort. It’s how they work. These tools are built by scraping millions of images from the open web, then teaching algorithms to recognize patterns and relationships in those images and generate new ones in the same style. That means that artists who upload their works to the internet may be unwittingly . * 자신도 모르게, 부지불식간에 |
1helping to train their algorithmic competitors
2sparking a debate over the ethics of A.I.-generated art
3embracing digital technology as part of the creative process
4acquiring the skills of utilizing internet to craft original creations
정답 및 해설
빈칸에는 “helping to train their algorithmic competitors”(자신의 알고리즘 경쟁자를 훈련시키는 데 도움을 주는)가 들어간다.
A.I. 이미지 도구는 “scraping millions of images from the open web”(웹에서 수백만 장의 이미지를 긁어모아) 알고리즘을 학습시킨다. 따라서 작품을 인터넷에 올린 화가는 “unwittingly”(자신도 모르게) 자신과 경쟁할 알고리즘의 학습 재료를 제공하는 셈이다.
- “sparking a debate over the ethics”(윤리 논쟁 촉발): 화가 개인이 무심코 하는 일로 이어지지 않는다.
- “embracing digital technology”(디지털 기술 수용): 자신도 모르게 한다는 맥락과 맞지 않는다.
- “acquiring the skills of utilizing internet”(인터넷 활용 기술 습득): 지문의 학습 주체는 화가가 아니라 알고리즘이다.
문제 3
Duke Kahanamoku에 대한 다음 글의 내용과 가장 일치하지 않는 것은?
| Duke Kahanamoku, born August 26, 1890, near Waikiki, Hawaii, was a Hawaiian surfer and swimmer who won three Olympic gold medals for the United States and who for several years was considered the greatest freestyle swimmer in the world. He was perhaps most widely known for developing the flutter kick, which largely replaces the scissors kick. Kahanamoku set three universally recognized world records in the 100-yard freestyle between July 5, 1913, and September 5, 1917. In the 100-yard freestyle Kahanamoku was U.S. indoor champion in 1913, and outdoor titleholder in 1916-17 and 1920. At the Olympic Games in Stockholm in 1912, he won the 100-metre freestyle event, and he repeated that triumph at the 1920 Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium, where he also was a member of the victorious U.S. team in the 800-metre relay race. Kahanamoku also excelled at surfing, and he became viewed as one of the icons of the sport. Intermittently from the mid-1920s, Kahanamoku was a motion-picture actor. From 1932 to 1961 he was sheriff of the city and county of Honolulu. He served in the salaried office of official greeter of famous personages for the state of Hawaii from 1961 until his death. *intermittently 간헐적으로 **sheriff 보안관 |
1하와이 출신의 서퍼이자 수영 선수로 올림픽 금메달리스트이다.
2그는 플러터 킥을 대체하는 시저스 킥을 개발한 것으로 널리 알려져 있다.
3벨기에 앤트워프 올림픽의 800미터 계주에서 우승한 미국 팀의 일원이었다.
4그는 1920년대 중반부터 간헐적으로 영화배우로도 활동했다.
정답 및 해설
일치하지 않는 것은 시저스 킥을 개발했다는 진술이다.
본문은 “developing the flutter kick, which largely replaces the scissors kick”(시저스 킥을 대체한 플러터 킥을 개발)이라고 하므로, 개발한 것과 대체된 것이 뒤바뀌었다.
- 하와이 출신 서퍼·수영 선수이자 금메달리스트: “Hawaiian surfer and swimmer who won three Olympic gold medals”와 일치한다.
- 앤트워프 올림픽 800미터 계주 우승팀 일원: “member of the victorious U.S. team in the 800-metre relay race”와 일치한다.
- 1920년대 중반부터 간헐적 영화배우 활동: “Intermittently from the mid-1920s … motion-picture actor”와 일치한다.
문제 4
다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
| The understandings that children bring to the classroom can already be quite powerful in the early grades. For example, some children have been found to hold onto their preconception of a flat earth by imagining a round earth to be shaped like a pancake. This construction of a new understanding is guided by a model of the earth that helps the child explain how people can stand or walk on its surface. Many young children have trouble giving up the notion that one-eighth is greater than one-fourth, because 8 is more than 4. If children were blank slates, just telling them that the earth is round or that one-fourth is greater than one-eighth would be . But since they already have ideas about the earth and about numbers, those ideas must be directly addressed in order to transform or expand them. |
1familiar
2adequate
3improper
4irrelevant
정답 및 해설
빈칸에는 “adequate”(충분한, 적절한)가 들어간다.
“If children were blank slates”(아이들이 백지 상태라면) 지구가 둥글다고 말해 주기만 해도 충분하겠지만, 실제로는 “they already have ideas”(이미 생각을 갖고 있으므로) 그 생각을 직접 다뤄야 한다는 가정법 대조 구조다.
- “familiar”(친숙한): 설명 방식의 충분성을 말하는 맥락과 무관하다.
- “improper”(부적절한): 백지 상태라면 그냥 알려 주는 것으로 된다는 논리와 반대다.
- “irrelevant”(무관한): 뒤의 “But” 대조와 연결되지 않는다.
문제 5
Urban farming에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 가장 일치하지 않는 것은?
| Urban farming, also known as urban agriculture, involves growing food within city environments, utilizing spaces like rooftops, abandoned buildings, and community gardens. This sustainable practice is gaining traction in cities across the world, including New York, Chicago, San Francisco, London, Amsterdam, and Berlin, as well as in many African and Asian cities where it plays a crucial role in food supply and local economies. Urban farming not only helps reduce carbon footprints by minimizing transport emissions but also increases access to fresh, healthy food in urban areas. It bolsters local economies by creating jobs and keeping profits within the community. Additionally, urban farms enhance cityscapes, improve air quality, conserve water, provide educational opportunities, promote biodiversity, connect people with nature, and improve food security by producing food locally, making cities more resilient to disruptions like natural disasters. *traction 흡입력, 견인력 **bolster 강화시키다 |
1옥상, 버려진 건물, 그리고 공동체 정원과 같은 공간을 활용하여 도시 환경 내에서 식량을 재배하는 것이다.
2지속 가능한 관행으로 식량 공급과 지역 경제에서 중요한 역할을 하는 많은 아프리카와 아시아를 포함한 세계의 도시들에서 인기를 얻고 있다.
3운송 배출을 최소화하여 탄소 발자국을 줄이는 것을 도울 뿐만 아니라 도시 지역에서 신선하고 건강한 식량에 대한 접근성을 증가시킨다.
4생물 다양성을 촉진하고, 지역에서 식량을 생산함으로써 식량의 안정성을 향상시키나, 자연 재해와 같은 혼란에 대한 도시의 회복력은 약화시킨다.
정답 및 해설
일치하지 않는 것은 도시의 회복력을 약화시킨다는 진술이다.
본문은 지역 식량 생산이 “making cities more resilient to disruptions like natural disasters”(자연재해 같은 혼란에 도시를 더 회복력 있게 만든다)고 한다.
- 옥상·버려진 건물·공동체 정원 활용: “utilizing spaces like rooftops, abandoned buildings, and community gardens”와 일치한다.
- 아프리카·아시아 등 세계 도시에서 인기: “gaining traction in cities across the world … African and Asian cities”와 일치한다.
- 운송 배출 감소와 신선 식품 접근성 증가: “minimizing transport emissions … increases access to fresh, healthy food”와 일치한다.
문제 6
밑줄 친 “unfinished animals.”가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
| Ideas or theories about human nature have a unique place in the sciences. We don’t have to worry that the cosmos will be changed by our theories about the cosmos. The planets really don’t care what we think or how we theorize about them. But we do have to worry that human nature will be changed by our theories of human nature. Forty years ago, the distinguished anthropologist said that human beings are “unfinished animals.” What he meant is that it is human nature to have a human nature that is very much the product of the society that surrounds us. That human nature is more created than discovered. We “design” human nature, by designing the institutions within which people live. So we must ask ourselves just what kind of a human nature we want to help design. |
1stuck in an incomplete stage of development
2shaped by society rather than fixed by biology
3uniquely free from environmental context
4born with both animalistic and spiritual aspect
정답 및 해설
“unfinished animals”는 “shaped by society rather than fixed by biology”(생물학적으로 고정되지 않고 사회에 의해 형성되는)를 뜻한다.
인류학자의 의미는 인간 본성이 “very much the product of the society that surrounds us”(주변 사회의 산물)이며 “more created than discovered”(발견되기보다 만들어진다)는 것이다.
- “stuck in an incomplete stage of development”(불완전한 발달 단계에 갇힌): “unfinished”를 문자 그대로 읽은 오해다.
- “uniquely free from environmental context”(환경 맥락에서 자유로운): 사회의 영향을 받는다는 요지와 정반대다.
- “born with both animalistic and spiritual aspect”(동물성과 영성을 함께 타고난): 지문에 언급이 없다.
문제 7
다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
⇩
| Passive House is a standard and an advanced method of designing buildings using the precision of building physics to ensure comfortable conditions and to deeply reduce energy costs. It removes all guesswork from the design process. It does what national building regulations have tried to do. Passive House methods don’t affect “buildability”, yet they close the gap between design and performance and deliver a much higher standard of comfort and efficiency than government regulations, with all their good intentions, have managed to achieve. When we use Passive House methods, we learn how to use insulation and freely available daylight, in the most sensible way and in the right amounts for both comfort and energy efficiency. This is, I believe, fundamental to good design, and is the next step we have to make in the evolution of our dwellings and places of work. The improvements that are within our grasp are potentially transformative for mankind and the planet. |
⇩
| Passive House utilizes precise building physics to ensure comfort and energy efficiency, (A) traditional regulations and offering transformative potential for (B) design. |
1persisting / sustainable
2persisting / unsustainable
3surpassing / unsustainable
4surpassing / sustainable
정답 및 해설
(A)에는 surpassing(능가하는), (B)에는 sustainable(지속 가능한)이 들어간다.
패시브 하우스는 “a much higher standard of comfort and efficiency than government regulations … have managed to achieve”(정부 규정보다 훨씬 높은 수준)를 달성하므로 기존 규정을 능가하고, 에너지 비용을 크게 줄여 “transformative for mankind and the planet”(인류와 지구에 변혁적)이므로 지속 가능한 설계에 해당한다.
- “persisting”(지속하는): 규정을 넘어선다는 내용과 맞지 않는다.
- “unsustainable”(지속 불가능한): 에너지 효율과 지구에 대한 긍정적 잠재력과 반대다.
문제 8
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중 문맥 상 낱말의 쓰임이 가장 적절하지 않은 것은?
Today, there is only one species of humans, Homo sapiens, left in the world. But that one species, despite the fact that it is over 99.9 percent genetically ①identical, has adapted itself to a wide array of disparate environments. And while some degree of human genetic variation results from each society’s adaptation to its own unique environment, the cultural adaptations that each society makes in so adjusting itself will, in their turn, exact some further degree of ②variation on that society’s genetic makeup. In other words, we are so entangled with our local ecologies that not only do we humans ③transform the environment as we cull from it the various resources upon which we come to depend but also the environment, which we have so transformed, transforms us in its turn: at times exerting upon us profound biological pressures. In those regions of the world, for example, where our environmental exploitation has included the domestication of cattle-northern Europe, for instance, or East Africahuman populations have ④reduced adult lactose tolerance: the ability to digest milk past infancy.
*lactose 유당, 젖당
Today, there is only one species of humans, Homo sapiens, left in the world. But that one species, despite the fact that it is over 99.9 percent genetically ①identical, has adapted itself to a wide array of disparate environments. And while some degree of human genetic variation results from each society’s adaptation to its own unique environment, the cultural adaptations that each society makes in so adjusting itself will, in their turn, exact some further degree of ②variation on that society’s genetic makeup. In other words, we are so entangled with our local ecologies that not only do we humans ③transform the environment as we cull from it the various resources upon which we come to depend but also the environment, which we have so transformed, transforms us in its turn: at times exerting upon us profound biological pressures. In those regions of the world, for example, where our environmental exploitation has included the domestication of cattle-northern Europe, for instance, or East Africahuman populations have ④reduced adult lactose tolerance: the ability to digest milk past infancy.
*lactose 유당, 젖당
1①
2②
3③
4④
정답 및 해설
문맥상 부적절한 낱말은 “reduced”(감소시켰다)이며, increased/developed(증가시켰다/발달시켰다)가 되어야 한다.
소를 가축화한 북유럽·동아프리카에서는 환경이 다시 인간을 변화시켜, 유아기 이후에도 우유를 소화하는 “adult lactose tolerance”(성인 유당 내성)가 생겨난 것이 이 글의 예시다.
- “identical”(동일한): 99.9퍼센트 이상 유전적으로 같다는 서술로 적절하다.
- “variation”(변이): 문화적 적응이 유전 구성에 추가 변이를 가한다는 흐름에 맞다.
- “transform”(변형하다): 인간이 자원을 얻으며 환경을 바꾼다는 뜻으로 적절하다.
문제 9
주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
(A)We often speak of time as if it were money—for example, in everyday expressions such as “You’re wasting my time,” “This device will save you hours of work,” “How will you spend your weekend?” and “I’ve invested a lot of time in this relationship.”
(B)Every metaphor brokers what is made visible or invisible; this one highlights how time is like money and obscures ways it is not. Time thus becomes something that we can waste or lose, and something that diminishes as we grow older. It is abstracted in a very linear, orderly fashion.
(C)This metaphor, however, fails to disclose important phenomenological aspects of time, such as how it may speed up or slow down, depending on our engagement with what we are doing. We may instead conceive of time as quite fluid—as a stream, for example—thought we lose sight of this to the extent that we have adopted the worldview of Time Is Money.
*obscure 모호하게 하다
| Briefly consider a metaphor that plays a significant role in how we live our daily lives: Time Is Money. |
(A)We often speak of time as if it were money—for example, in everyday expressions such as “You’re wasting my time,” “This device will save you hours of work,” “How will you spend your weekend?” and “I’ve invested a lot of time in this relationship.”
(B)Every metaphor brokers what is made visible or invisible; this one highlights how time is like money and obscures ways it is not. Time thus becomes something that we can waste or lose, and something that diminishes as we grow older. It is abstracted in a very linear, orderly fashion.
(C)This metaphor, however, fails to disclose important phenomenological aspects of time, such as how it may speed up or slow down, depending on our engagement with what we are doing. We may instead conceive of time as quite fluid—as a stream, for example—thought we lose sight of this to the extent that we have adopted the worldview of Time Is Money.
*obscure 모호하게 하다
1(A) - (B) - (C)
2(A) - (C) - (B)
3(B) - (A) - (C)
4(C) - (B) - (A)
정답 및 해설
순서는 (A) - (B) - (C)이다.
“Time Is Money” 은유를 제시한 뒤, (A)가 “wasting my time”, “spend your weekend” 같은 일상 표현으로 예를 들고, (B)가 이 은유가 시간이 돈과 닮은 점은 “highlights”(부각)하고 아닌 점은 “obscures”(가린다)고 분석한다. (C)는 “however”로 은유가 놓치는 시간의 유동적 측면을 제시한다.
- (A) - (C) - (B): (C)의 “however”가 일상 표현 예시와 대조되지 않고, (B)의 분석이 결론 뒤로 밀린다.
- (B)나 (C)로 시작하는 배열: 은유의 구체 예시 없이 곧바로 분석·반론이 나와 흐름이 끊긴다.
문제 10
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
| His last thought were for his wife. “He is afraid she would ①hardly be able to bear it,” he said to Burnet, the bishop who was allowed to be with him the last few days. Tears came into his eyes when he spoke of her. The last day came, and Lady Russell brought the three little children to say good-bye for ever to their father. “Little Fubs” was only nine, her sister Catherine seven, and the baby three years old, too young to realize his loss. He kissed them all ②calmly, and sent them away. His wife stayed and they ate their last meal together. Then they kissed in silence, and silently she left him. When she had gone, Lord Russel broke down completely. “Oh, what a blessing she has been to me!” he cried. “It is a great comfort to me to leave my children in such a mother’s care; she has promised me to take care of ③her for their sake; she will do it,” he added resolutely. Lady Russell returned heavy-hearted to the sad home ④to which she would never welcome him again. On July 21st, 1683, she was a widow, and her children fatherless. They left their dreary London house, and went to an old abbey in the country. *bishop 주교(성직자) |
1①
2②
3③
4④
정답 및 해설
어법상 틀린 것은 “her”로, 가리키는 대상이 아이들이므로 them이 되어야 한다(대명사 수일치).
“leave my children in such a mother’s care; she has promised me to take care of ___ for their sake”에서 돌볼 대상은 복수인 “my children”이다.
- “hardly”(거의 ~ 않다): 부정 부사로 “be able to bear”를 수식해 적절하다.
- “calmly”(침착하게): 동사 “kissed”를 수식하는 부사로 맞다.
- “to which”: “welcome him to the home” 구조의 전치사+관계대명사로 적절하다.
문제 11
The gig economy에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 가장 일치하지 않는 것은?
| The gig economy, referring to the workforce of people engaged in freelance and side-hustle work, is growing rapidly in the United States, with 36% of employed participants in a 2022 McKinsey survey identifying as independent workers, up from 27% in 2016. This workforce includes a wide range of jobs from highly-paid professionals like lawyers to lower-earning roles like delivery drivers. Despite the flexibility and autonomy it offers, most independent workers desire more stable employment; 62% prefer permanent positions due to concerns over job security and benefits. The challenges faced by gig workers include limited access to healthcare, housing, and other basic needs, with a significant reliance on government assistance. Technological advancements have facilitated the rise in independent work, making remote and freelance jobs more accessible and appealing. The trend reflects broader economic pressures such as inflation and job market dynamics, influencing individuals to choose gig work for survival, flexibility, or enjoyment. *side-hustle work 부업 |
1조사에 참가한 사람들 중 독립 근로자의 비율이 2016년의 27%에서 36%까지 상승하였다.
2대부분의 독립 근로자들은 안정적인 고용보다는 직업이 제공하는 유연성과 자율성을 선호하고 있다.
3근로자들이 직면한 어려움에는 의료, 주거 및 기타 기본 요구 사항에 대한 제한된 접근성이 포함된다.
4기술 발전은 독립 근로의 증가를 촉진하여 원격 및 프리랜서 일자리를 접근하기 쉽고 매력적인 것으로 만들고 있다.
정답 및 해설
일치하지 않는 것은 독립 근로자 대부분이 유연성·자율성을 선호한다는 진술이다.
본문은 “most independent workers desire more stable employment; 62% prefer permanent positions”(대부분은 더 안정적인 고용을 원하며 62%가 정규직을 선호)라고 한다.
- 독립 근로자 비율 27%에서 36%로 상승: “36% … up from 27% in 2016”과 일치한다.
- 의료·주거 등 기본 요구에 대한 제한된 접근성: “limited access to healthcare, housing, and other basic needs”와 일치한다.
- 기술 발전이 원격·프리랜서 일자리를 쉽고 매력적으로 만듦: “Technological advancements have facilitated … more accessible and appealing”과 일치한다.
문제 12
주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
(A) The notion of an animal species, for instance, might in one setting best be thought of as described by folklore and myth, in another as a detailed legal construct, and in another as a system of scientific classification.
(B)Ordinary communication is the most immediate expression of this faculty. We refer to things through sounds and words, and we attach ideas to them that we call concepts.
(C)Some of our categories remain tacit; others are explicitly governed by custom, law, politics, or science. The application of category systems for the same things varies by context and in use.
*tacit 암묵적인, 무언의
| We come to know and relate to the world by way of categories. |
(A) The notion of an animal species, for instance, might in one setting best be thought of as described by folklore and myth, in another as a detailed legal construct, and in another as a system of scientific classification.
(B)Ordinary communication is the most immediate expression of this faculty. We refer to things through sounds and words, and we attach ideas to them that we call concepts.
(C)Some of our categories remain tacit; others are explicitly governed by custom, law, politics, or science. The application of category systems for the same things varies by context and in use.
*tacit 암묵적인, 무언의
1(B)-(A)-(C)
2(B)-(C)-(A)
3(C)-(A)-(B)
4(C)-(B)-(A)
정답 및 해설
순서는 (B) - (C) - (A)이다.
범주로 세상을 안다는 주어진 글에 이어, (B)가 “this faculty”(이 능력)의 직접적 표현으로 일상 의사소통을 든다. (C)는 범주 체계의 적용이 “varies by context”(맥락에 따라 다르다)고 하고, (A)가 “for instance”로 동물 종 개념이 설화·법·과학에서 달리 쓰이는 예시를 든다.
- (B) - (A) - (C): (A)의 예시가 맥락별 차이를 설명한 (C)보다 앞서게 된다.
- (C)로 시작하는 배열: (B)의 “this faculty”가 가리킬 대상이 주어진 글에서 멀어진다.
문제 13
다음 글에 나타난 화자의 심경으로 가장 적절한 것은?
| It’s three in the morning, and we are making our way from southern to northern Utah, when the weather changes from the dry chill of the desert to the freezing gales of an alpine winter. Ice claims the road. Snowflakes flick against the windshield like tiny insects, a few at first, then so many the road disappears. We push forward into the heart of the storm. The van skids and jerks. The wind is furious, the view out the window pure white. Richard pulls over. He says we can’t go any further. Dad takes the wheel, Richard moves to the passenger seat, and Mother lies next to me and Audrey on the mattress. Dad pulls onto the highway and accelerates, rapidly, as if to make a point, until he has doubled Richard’s speed. “Shouldn’t we drive slower?” Mother asks. Dad grins. “I’m not driving faster than our angels can fly.” The van is still accelerating. To fifty, then to sixty. Richard sits tensely, his hand clutching the armrest, his knuckles bleaching each time the tires slip. Mother lies on her side, her face next to mine, taking small sips of air each time the van fishtails, then holding her breath as Dad corrects and it snakes back into the lane. She is so rigid, I think she might shatter. My body tenses with hers; together we brace a hundred times for impact. *gale 강풍, 돌풍 **skid 미끄러지다 ***jerk 홱 움직이다 ****fishtail(차량)뒷부분이 좌우로 미끄러지다 |
1excited and thrilled
2anxious and fearful
3cautious but settled
4comfortable and relaxed
정답 및 해설
화자의 심경은 “anxious and fearful”(불안하고 두려운)이다.
눈보라 속에서 아버지가 속도를 높이자 어머니는 “holding her breath”(숨을 참고) “so rigid”(몸이 굳어) 있고, 화자도 “My body tenses with hers; together we brace a hundred times for impact”(충돌에 백 번이나 대비하며 몸을 긴장시킨다)라고 한다.
- “excited and thrilled”(신나고 짜릿한): 공포 속 긴장과 맞지 않는다.
- “cautious but settled”(조심스럽지만 안정된): 안정된 상태가 전혀 아니다.
- “comfortable and relaxed”(편안하고 느긋한): 굳은 몸과 정반대다.
문제 14
글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?
The city lockdown policy during COVID-19 has facilitated the rapid growth of numerous takeaways, vegetable shopping, community group buying, and other businesses. ( ① )Last-mile delivery became an important livelihood support during the epidemic. ( ② )At the same time, as viruses can be transmitted through aerosols, the need for contactless delivery for last-mile delivery has gradually increased, thus accelerating the use of unmanned logistics to some extent. ( ③ )For example, the community space is not suitable for the operation of unmanned delivery facilities due to the lack of supporting logistics infrastructure. ( ④ )In addition, the current technology is unable to complete the delivery process and requires the collaboration of relevant space as well as personnel to help dock unmanned delivery nodes.
*last-mile delivery 최종 단계의 배송
| However, there are now a lot of issues with the current application of unmanned distribution. |
The city lockdown policy during COVID-19 has facilitated the rapid growth of numerous takeaways, vegetable shopping, community group buying, and other businesses. ( ① )Last-mile delivery became an important livelihood support during the epidemic. ( ② )At the same time, as viruses can be transmitted through aerosols, the need for contactless delivery for last-mile delivery has gradually increased, thus accelerating the use of unmanned logistics to some extent. ( ③ )For example, the community space is not suitable for the operation of unmanned delivery facilities due to the lack of supporting logistics infrastructure. ( ④ )In addition, the current technology is unable to complete the delivery process and requires the collaboration of relevant space as well as personnel to help dock unmanned delivery nodes.
*last-mile delivery 최종 단계의 배송
1①
2②
3③
4④
정답 및 해설
주어진 문장은 비접촉 배송 수요로 무인 물류가 가속되었다는 문장 뒤, “For example” 문장 앞에 들어간다.
“However, there are now a lot of issues”(그러나 현재 많은 문제가 있다)는 앞의 긍정적 흐름(무인 물류 확대)을 뒤집고, 뒤의 “For example, the community space is not suitable”(공동체 공간이 부적합)과 “In addition”이 그 문제점의 구체 사례가 된다.
- 최종 단계 배송이 생계 지원이 되었다는 문장 앞: 아직 무인 배송이 언급되지 않아 “unmanned distribution”의 문제를 꺼낼 수 없다.
- 비접촉 배송 수요 증가 문장 앞: 문제 제기 뒤에 다시 무인 물류의 가속을 말하게 되어 흐름이 어긋난다.
- “In addition” 문장 앞: 이미 “For example”로 문제 사례가 시작된 뒤라 “However”의 전환이 늦다.
문제 15
주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
(A)Yet conflict isn’t just an unpopular source of pressure to act. There’s also a lot of energy inherent to it, which can be harnessed to create positive change, or, in other words, improvements, with the help of a skillful approach. Basically, today’s misery is the starting shot in the race towards a better future.
(B)A deviating opinion is quickly accompanied by devaluation, denigration, insults, or even physical confrontations. If you look at the “discussions” taking place on social media networks, you don’t even have to look to such hot potatoes as the refugee crisis or terrorism to see a clear degradation in the way people exchange opinions.
(C)You probably know this from your own experience, too, when you have succeeded in finding a constructive solution to a conflict and, at the end of an arduous clarification process, realize that the successful outcome has been worth all the effort.
*denigration 명예훼손 **arduous 몹시 힘든 고된
| People are too seldom interested in having a genuine exchange of points of view where a desire to understand takes precedence over the desire to convince at any price. |
(A)Yet conflict isn’t just an unpopular source of pressure to act. There’s also a lot of energy inherent to it, which can be harnessed to create positive change, or, in other words, improvements, with the help of a skillful approach. Basically, today’s misery is the starting shot in the race towards a better future.
(B)A deviating opinion is quickly accompanied by devaluation, denigration, insults, or even physical confrontations. If you look at the “discussions” taking place on social media networks, you don’t even have to look to such hot potatoes as the refugee crisis or terrorism to see a clear degradation in the way people exchange opinions.
(C)You probably know this from your own experience, too, when you have succeeded in finding a constructive solution to a conflict and, at the end of an arduous clarification process, realize that the successful outcome has been worth all the effort.
*denigration 명예훼손 **arduous 몹시 힘든 고된
1(B)-(A)-(C)
2(B)-(C)-(A)
3(C)-(A)-(B)
4(C)-(B)-(A)
정답 및 해설
순서는 (B) - (A) - (C)이다.
진정한 의견 교환에 관심이 없다는 주어진 글 뒤에, (B)가 다른 의견이 “devaluation, denigration, insults”(평가절하·명예훼손·모욕)로 이어지는 현실을 묘사한다. (A)는 “Yet conflict”로 갈등에 내재한 긍정적 에너지를 말하고, (C)가 “You probably know this from your own experience”로 그 경험을 독자에게 확인시킨다.
- (B) - (C) - (A): (C)의 “this”가 가리킬 내용, 곧 갈등의 에너지가 긍정적 변화로 이어질 수 있다는 (A)의 진술이 아직 나오지 않았다.
- (C)로 시작하는 배열: 주어진 글의 부정적 현실에서 곧바로 성공 경험으로 넘어가 연결되지 않는다.
문제 16
다음 중 Belus Smawley에 대한 내용과 가장 일치하지 않는 것은?
| Belus Smawley grew up on a farm with his parents and six siblings. In his freshman years, he was tall and able to jump higher than any other boy, trying to improve his leaping ability by touching higher and higher limbs of the oak tree on their farm. This is where his first jump shot attempt is said to have taken place. When Belus Smawley started using his shot regularly, he became the leading scorer. At the age of 18, he got accepted for a position on an AAU18 basketball team. He finished high school afterwards and got an All-American athletic scholarship for Appalachian State University (majoring in history and physical education). He became player-coach until he went to the Navy. He started playing in their basketball team and refined his jump shot. He got married and either worked as a high school teacher and basketball coach or further pursued his NBA basketball career playing fulltime for several teams. Eventually he focused on family and his teaching career, becoming the principal of a junior high school. |
1부모님과 여섯 형제와 함께 농장에서 자랐다.
2나무의 더 높은 가지를 만지면서 점프 연습을 하였다.
3애팔래치아 주립대학교에서 전미 체육 장학금을 받았다.
4결혼 후 NBA 농구 선수로서 한 팀에서 활동했다.
정답 및 해설
일치하지 않는 것은 결혼 후 한 팀에서 NBA 선수로 활동했다는 진술이다.
본문은 “playing fulltime for several teams”(여러 팀에서 전업으로 뛰었다)라고 한다.
- 부모·여섯 형제와 농장에서 성장: “grew up on a farm with his parents and six siblings”와 일치한다.
- 나무의 더 높은 가지를 만지며 점프 연습: “touching higher and higher limbs of the oak tree”와 일치한다.
- 애팔래치아 주립대 전미 체육 장학금: “All-American athletic scholarship for Appalachian State University”와 일치한다.
문제 17
글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?
Humans, relative to most other species, have distinctly large and visible sclera—the whites of our eyes—and as a result we are uniquely exposed in how we direct our attention, or at the very least, our gaze. ( ① ) Evolutionary biologists have argued, via the “cooperative eye hypothesis,” that this must be a feature, not a bug: that it must point to the fact that cooperation has been uncommonly important in our survival as a species, to the point that the benefits of shared attention outweigh the loss of a certain degree of privacy or discretion. ( ② ) This idea in machine learning goes by the name of “saliency”: the idea is that if a system is looking at an image and assigning it to some category, then presumably some parts of the image were more important or more influential than others in making that determination. ( ③ ) If we could see a kind of “heat map” that highlighted these critical portions of the image, we might obtain some crucial diagnostic information that we could use as a kind of sanity check to make sure the system is behaving the way we think it should be. ( ④ )
*sclera (눈의)공막 **outweigh 보다 더 크다
***discretion 신중함 ****saliency 특징, 중요점
| It might be understandable, then, for us to want to expect something similar from our machines: to know not only what they think they see but where, in particular, they are looking. |
Humans, relative to most other species, have distinctly large and visible sclera—the whites of our eyes—and as a result we are uniquely exposed in how we direct our attention, or at the very least, our gaze. ( ① ) Evolutionary biologists have argued, via the “cooperative eye hypothesis,” that this must be a feature, not a bug: that it must point to the fact that cooperation has been uncommonly important in our survival as a species, to the point that the benefits of shared attention outweigh the loss of a certain degree of privacy or discretion. ( ② ) This idea in machine learning goes by the name of “saliency”: the idea is that if a system is looking at an image and assigning it to some category, then presumably some parts of the image were more important or more influential than others in making that determination. ( ③ ) If we could see a kind of “heat map” that highlighted these critical portions of the image, we might obtain some crucial diagnostic information that we could use as a kind of sanity check to make sure the system is behaving the way we think it should be. ( ④ )
*sclera (눈의)공막 **outweigh 보다 더 크다
***discretion 신중함 ****saliency 특징, 중요점
1①
2②
3③
4④
정답 및 해설
주어진 문장은 협력적 눈 가설을 설명한 문장 뒤, “This idea in machine learning” 문장 앞에 들어간다.
“then”은 인간이 시선을 공유하며 협력해 왔다는 앞 내용을 받아, 기계에게도 “where, in particular, they are looking”(어디를 보고 있는지)을 알고 싶어 한다는 데로 넘어간다. 바로 뒤 “This idea”가 이 기대를 받아 “saliency” 개념을 소개한다.
- 협력적 눈 가설 문장 앞: 공막 이야기 직후라 “then”이 받을 협력의 결론이 아직 없다.
- “heat map” 문장 앞: “This idea”가 가리킬 대상이 없어져 saliency 소개가 공중에 뜬다.
- 글의 맨 끝: 기계 학습의 구체 설명 뒤에 다시 기대를 말하게 되어 흐름이 역행한다.
문제 18
다음 (A), (B), (C) 중, 어법상 옳은 것끼리 고른 것은?
(A) (B) (C)
| The climate of the irrigated plains can be glimpsed in the murals. The summer sun beats down on the hard ground, and the king himself is shaded by a large umbrella. War, often present, is also carved in vivid detail. In or about 878 BC, three men are depicted (A)(fleeing/fled) from a city which has probably been captured. Dressed in long robes, they jump into the Euphrates River (B)(which / where) one is swimming while the others hug a lifebuoy to their chests. Like a long pillow, the lifebuoy consists of the skin of an animal, inflated with air. As the hands of the refugees (C)(is / are) clutching the inflated lifebuoy, and as much of their breath is expended in blowing air into it, they can only stay afloat by swimming with their legs. Whether they reached the opposite shore will never be known. |
(A) (B) (C)
1fleeing which is
2fleeing where are
3fled which is
4fled where are
정답 및 해설
바른 조합은 fleeing - where - are이다.
세 괄호는 각각 분사 보어, 관계사 선택, 수일치를 묻는다.
- (A) “are depicted fleeing”: depict는 목적어가 능동으로 하는 동작을 현재분사 보어로 받으며, 수동태에서도 현재분사가 남는다. “fled”는 세 사람이 달아나는 능동 동작과 맞지 않는다.
- (B) “where”: 뒤의 “one is swimming”이 완전한 절이므로 장소 선행사 the Euphrates River를 받는 관계부사가 맞다. “which”는 불완전한 절을 이끈다.
- (C) “are”: 주어가 “the hands”(복수)이므로 주어-동사 수일치에 따라 are가 맞다.
문제 19
다음 글의 내용과 가장 일치하지 않는 것은?
| When the Dutch arrived in the 17th century in what’s now New York City, their encounters with the indigenous peoples, known as the Lenape, were, at first, mostly amicable, according to historical records. They shared the land and traded guns, beads and wool for beaver furs. The Dutch even “purchased” Manahatta island from the Lenape in 1626. The transaction, enforced by the eventual building of wall around New Amsterdam, marked the very beginning of the Lenape’s forced mass migration out of their homeland. The wall, which started showing up on maps in the 1660s, was built to keep out the Native Americans and the British. It eventually became Wall Street, and Manahatta became Manhattan, where part of the Lenape trade route, known as Wickquasgeck, became Brede weg, later Broadway. The Lenape helped shape the geography of modern-day New York City, but other traces of their legacy have all but vanished. |
1네덜란드인과 르나페 원주민들은 총과 동물의 털을 교환하는 무역을 했다.
2이후에 월스트리트가 된 지역에 지어진 벽은 르나페 원주민이 영국인을 막기 위해 세웠다.
3르나페 원주민의 무역로의 일부가 나중에 브로드웨이가 되었다.
4르나페 원주민은 현대 뉴욕시의 지형을 형성하는데 도움을 주었다.
정답 및 해설
일치하지 않는 것은 벽을 르나페 원주민이 영국인을 막으려 세웠다는 진술이다.
벽은 네덜란드인이 세운 것으로 “built to keep out the Native Americans and the British”(원주민과 영국인을 막기 위해)라고 했으므로, 원주민은 막는 주체가 아니라 막는 대상이다.
- 총과 동물 털 교환 무역: “traded guns, beads and wool for beaver furs”와 일치한다.
- 무역로 일부가 브로드웨이가 됨: “Wickquasgeck, became Brede weg, later Broadway”와 일치한다.
- 현대 뉴욕 지형 형성에 도움: “The Lenape helped shape the geography of modern-day New York City”와 일치한다.
문제 20
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 가장 틀린 것은?
Today, we take for granted that the media and the celebrity culture it sustains have created new forms of publicness, ①through which we might have intimate relationships with people we have never met. Thanks to media technologies we ②are brought ever closer to the famous, allowing us to enjoy an illusion of intimacy with them. To a greater or lesser degree, we have internalized celebrities, unconsciously made them a part of our consciousness, just ③as if they were, in fact, friends. Celebrities take up permanent residence in our inner lives as well, ④become central to our reveries and fantasies, guides to action, to ambition. Now, indeed, celebrity culture can be permanently insinuated into our sensibilities, as many of us carry them, their traits, and our relationships with them around as part of our mental luggage.
*reverie 몽상 **insinuate 암시하다, 일부가 되다
Today, we take for granted that the media and the celebrity culture it sustains have created new forms of publicness, ①through which we might have intimate relationships with people we have never met. Thanks to media technologies we ②are brought ever closer to the famous, allowing us to enjoy an illusion of intimacy with them. To a greater or lesser degree, we have internalized celebrities, unconsciously made them a part of our consciousness, just ③as if they were, in fact, friends. Celebrities take up permanent residence in our inner lives as well, ④become central to our reveries and fantasies, guides to action, to ambition. Now, indeed, celebrity culture can be permanently insinuated into our sensibilities, as many of us carry them, their traits, and our relationships with them around as part of our mental luggage.
*reverie 몽상 **insinuate 암시하다, 일부가 되다
1①
2②
3③
4④
정답 및 해설
어법상 틀린 것은 “become”으로, becoming이 되어야 한다(분사구문).
“Celebrities take up permanent residence … as well”로 주절이 완성되었고 접속사가 없으므로, 뒤에 동사원형이 올 수 없고 주어 Celebrities가 능동으로 되는 의미의 현재분사가 와야 한다.
- “through which”: new forms of publicness를 받는 전치사+관계대명사로, 뒤가 완전한 절이라 적절하다.
- “are brought”: 우리가 유명인에게 더 가까이 “데려와지는” 것이므로 수동태가 맞다.
- “as if”: “마치 ~인 것처럼”의 가정 표현으로 뒤의 “they were”와 맞다.
문제 21
다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
| Festivals are significant cultural events that showcase tradition, heritage and community spirit globally. They serve as platforms to celebrate diversity, with each festival reflecting unique traditions like Brazil’s Carnival or India’s Diwali. Festivals also commemorate historical moments, such as Independence Day in the US or Bastille Day in France. Additionally, they preserve customs and rituals that strengthen personal and cultural identity, while fostering strong community ties through shared activities. Festivals reflect societal values, promote local crafts and arts, enhance spirituality, and attract tourism, which facilitates cultural exchange and understanding. Seasonal festivals, like Holi in India, align with natural cycles, celebrating times of renewal. Ultimately, participating in festivals reinforces community and individual identity, contributing to a global narrative that _______________________________________________. *commemorate 기념하다 |
1makes the participants forget their daily concerns and pains
2values diversity and encourages mutual respect and understanding
3allows people to break the link between personal life and social life
4keeps the festivals from determining how people think about themselves
정답 및 해설
빈칸에는 “values diversity and encourages mutual respect and understanding”(다양성을 존중하고 상호 존중과 이해를 장려하는)이 들어간다.
축제는 “celebrate diversity”(다양성을 기리고) “facilitates cultural exchange and understanding”(문화 교류와 이해를 촉진한다)고 했으므로, 지구적 서사의 성격도 이와 일치해야 한다.
- “makes the participants forget their daily concerns”(일상 걱정을 잊게 함): 지문에 없는 내용이다.
- “allows people to break the link between personal life and social life”(개인과 사회의 연결을 끊음): 공동체 유대 강화와 반대다.
- “keeps the festivals from determining how people think about themselves”(정체성 형성을 막음): 축제가 정체성을 강화한다는 서술과 반대다.
문제 22
밑줄 친 you’ve been thrown a curve ball이 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
| Life is full of its ups and downs. One day, you may feel like you have it all figured out. Then, in a moment’s notice, you’ve been thrown a curve ball. You’re not alone in these feelings. Everyone has to face their own set of challenges. Learning how to overcome challenges will help you stay centered and remain calm under pressure. Everyone has their own preferences for how to face a challenge in life. However, there are a few good tips and tricks to follow when the going gets tough. There’s no need to feel ashamed for asking for help. Whether you choose to rely on a loved one, a stranger, a mentor, or a friend, there are people who want to help you succeed. You have to be open and willing to accept support. People who come to your aid truly do care about you. Be open to receiving help when you need it. |
1어려운 상황에 직면하다.
2흥미로운 상황을 맞이하게 되다.
3대안적인 방법을 적용하게 되다.
4정면 승부를 피하여 에둘러 가다.
정답 및 해설
“you’ve been thrown a curve ball”은 어려운 상황에 직면하다를 뜻한다.
“Life is full of its ups and downs”로 시작해 다 해결했다고 느끼다 갑자기 커브볼을 받는다고 한 뒤, “Everyone has to face their own set of challenges”(누구나 자신만의 어려움에 맞선다)로 이어진다.
- 흥미로운 상황을 맞이함: 뒤의 극복·도움 요청 맥락과 맞지 않는다.
- 대안적 방법 적용: 커브볼은 내가 택하는 방법이 아니라 닥쳐오는 상황이다.
- 정면 승부를 피해 에둘러 감: 주어가 공을 “받는” 수동 상황이라 회피 행동과 무관하다.
문제 23
다음 중 글에 설명된 사회적 지배력과 번식 성공 사이의 관계를 가장 잘 요약한 것은?
| Social dominance refers to situations in which an individual or a group controls or dictates others’ behavior primarily in competitive situations. Generally, an individual or group is said to be dominant when “a prediction is being made about the course of future interactions or the outcome of competitive situations”. Criteria for assessing and assigning dominance relationships can vary from one situation to another. It is difficult to summarize available data briefly, but generally it has been found that dominant individuals, when compared to subordinate individuals, often have more freedom of movement, have priority of access to food, gain higher-quality resting spots, enjoy favorable grooming relationships, occupy more protected parts of a group, obtain higher-quality mates, command and regulate the attention of other group members, and show greater resistance to stress and disease. Despite assertions that suggest otherwise, it really is not clear how powerful the relationship is between an individual’s dominance status and its lifetime reproductive success. *dominance 지배, 우세 |
1하위 개체에 비해 모든 지배적인 개체는 평생 동안 높은 번식 성공률을 보인다.
2개체의 우세 상태와 평생 번식 성공 사이의 관계는 다면적이며 명확하게 정립되어 있다고 할 수는 없다.
3사회적 지배력을 갖춘 존재는 음식 및 짝과 같은 자원에 대한 접근을 통해 번식 성공에 영향을 미친다.
4하위 개체는 스트레스 수준이 높지 않기 때문에 평생 번식 성공률이 더 높은 경향이 있다.
정답 및 해설
가장 잘 요약한 것은 지배 상태와 평생 번식 성공의 관계가 명확히 정립되지 않았다는 진술이다.
마지막 문장 “it really is not clear how powerful the relationship is between an individual’s dominance status and its lifetime reproductive success”(지배 지위와 평생 번식 성공의 관계가 얼마나 강한지 분명하지 않다)가 근거다.
- 모든 지배적 개체가 높은 번식 성공률을 보임: 관계가 불분명하다는 결론과 반대다.
- 자원 접근을 통해 번식 성공에 영향을 미침: 자원 접근 우위는 언급되지만 번식 성공으로 이어진다고 단정하지 않는다.
- 하위 개체의 번식 성공률이 더 높음: 오히려 지배 개체가 스트레스 저항이 크다고 했다.
문제 24
다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
| While mindfulness meditation is generally safe, concerns arise from its side effects like panic attacks and psychosis, which are seldom reported and poorly understood in academic studies. Critics argue the rapid adoption of mindfulness by organizations and educational systems may inappropriately shift societal issues to individuals, suggesting that personal stress is due to a lack of meditation rather than addressing systemic causes like environmental pollution or workplace demands. Critics like Professor Ronald Purser suggest that mindfulness may make individuals more compliant with adverse conditions instead of empowering them to seek change. Despite these concerns, the critique isn’t against mindfulness itself but against its promotion as a universal solution by entities resistant to change. For a more thorough understanding of mindfulness' benefits and risks, long-term and rigorously controlled studies are essential. *psychosis 정신 질환 **compliant 순응하는 |
1the criticism regarding the safety and societal implications of the widespread adoption of mindfulness meditation
2the social and national measures which are taken to relieve personal stress and prevent social and cultural confusion
3the basic elements of mindfulness that must precede the resolution of social problems rather than individual problems
4the disadvantages that individuals and societies face due to the meditation performed improperly and the lack of meditation
정답 및 해설
주제는 “the criticism regarding the safety and societal implications of the widespread adoption of mindfulness meditation”(마음챙김 명상의 확산에 따른 안전성과 사회적 함의에 대한 비판)이다.
글은 “panic attacks and psychosis”(공황 발작·정신 질환) 같은 부작용과, 사회 문제를 개인 탓으로 “shift societal issues to individuals”(돌린다)는 비판을 다룬다.
- 개인 스트레스 완화를 위한 사회·국가적 조치: 지문의 초점이 아니다.
- 사회 문제 해결에 앞서야 할 마음챙김의 기본 요소: 마음챙김의 구성 요소는 다루지 않는다.
- 잘못된 명상과 명상 부족으로 인한 불이익: 비판 대상은 명상 부족이 아니라 만능 해법으로의 홍보다.
문제 25
Mike Mansfield에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 가장 일치하지 않는 것은?
| A man of few words and great modesty, Mike Mansfield often said he did not want to be remembered. Yet, his fascinating life story and enormous contributions are an inspiration for all who follow. Mike Mansfield was born in New York City on March 16, 1903. Following his mother’s death when Mike was 7, his father sent him and his two sisters to Great Falls, Montana, to be raised by an aunt and uncle there. At 14, he lied about his age in order to enlist in the U.S. Navy for the duration of World War I. Later, he served in the Army and the Marines, which sent him to the Philippines and China, awakening a lifelong interest in Asia. Mike Mansfield’s political career was launched in 1942 when he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. He served five terms from Montana’s 1st District. In 1952, he was elected to the U.S. Senate and re-elected in 1958, 1964 and 1970. His selection as Democratic Assistant Majority Leader was followed by election in 1961 as Senate Majority Leader. He served in that capacity until his retirement from the Senate in 1977, longer than any other Majority Leader in history. *House of Representatives 하원 **Senate 상원 ***Majority Leader 다수당 원내대표 |
1말수가 적고 겸손했으며 자신이 기억되지 않기를 원했었다.
2모친이 사망한 이후 친인척의 보살핌을 받았다.
3군 복무 중 아시아 파병을 계기로 아시아에 대한 관심이 커졌다.
4상원의원에 5번 당선되었으며 가장 긴 다수당 원내대표를 역임했다.
정답 및 해설
일치하지 않는 것은 상원의원에 다섯 차례 당선되었다는 진술이다.
“five terms”는 하원(“House of Representatives”)에서의 임기이고, 상원은 1952년 당선 후 1958·1964·1970년 재선으로 네 차례 당선되었다.
- 말수가 적고 겸손하며 기억되지 않기를 원함: “A man of few words and great modesty … did not want to be remembered”와 일치한다.
- 모친 사망 후 친인척의 보살핌: “to be raised by an aunt and uncle”과 일치한다.
- 아시아 파병으로 아시아 관심이 커짐: “sent him to the Philippines and China, awakening a lifelong interest in Asia”와 일치한다.