17년 1회차

As a salesman, you should remember that your cardinal rule is to do everything you can to satisfy a customer.

The audio of the surreptitious recording clearly indicates that the participants did not want to be recorded.

Allium vegetables — edible bulbs ① including onions, garlic, and leeks — appear in nearly every cuisine around the globe. ② They are fundamental in classic cooking bases, such as French mirepoix (diced onions, celery, and carrots), Latin American sofrito (onions, garlic, and tomatoes), and Cajun holy trinity (onions, bell peppers and celery). ③ While we sometimes take these standbys for granted, the flavor of allium vegetables can not be replicated. And neither their health benefits ④ can, which include protection from heart diseases and cancer.

It’s often said that ________. Actually this proverb is, for the most part, not true. For much of the history of modern neuroscience, the adult brain was believed to be a fixed structure that, once damaged, could not be repaired. But research published since the 1960s has challenged this assumption, showing that it is actually a highly dynamic structure, which changes itself in response to new experiences, and adapts to injuries — a phenomenon referred to as neuroplasticity.

Research shows you’ll eat less food and take in fewer calories if you eat slowly, so ________ yourself at holiday meals.

The government is currently trying to find an alternative to garbage disposal to ________ environmental pollution.

On a bright spring morning 50 years ago, two young astronomers at Bell Laboratories were tuning a 20-foot, horn-shaped antenna pointed toward the sky over New Jersey. Their goal was to measure the Milky Way galaxy, home to planet Earth. To their puzzlement, Robert W. Wilson and Arno A. Penzias heard the insistent hiss of radio signals coming from every direction — and from beyond the Milky Way. It was cosmic microwave background radiation, a residue of the primordial explosion of energy and matter that suddenly gave rise to the universe some 13.8 billion years ago. The scientists had found evidence that would confirm the Big Bang Theory, first proposed by Georges Lemaître in 1931.

If we can’t directly intuit what’s in our minds, then our only option is to approach the investigation of internal things (like knowledge and mental states) as we would approach the investigation of external things (like birds and planets). That is, we must formulate explicit theories in order to reach a satisfactory explanation of the facts. Since we can’t look directly at what’s inside the minds, our job will be to figure out what’s inside on the basis of what we can observe from the outside.

The green revolution was the result of a sequence of scientific breakthroughs and development activities that successfully fought hunger by increasing food production. Basic ingredients of the green revolution were new seeds, use of chemicals and proper irrigation system. ① The green revolution resulted in an increase in production and changed the thinking of farmers. ② It improved resistance of crops to diseases and created massive job opportunities within the industrial and agricultural sectors. ③ Therefore, the environmental cost of chemical fertilizers and heavy irrigation has caused considerable controversy. ④ Self-sufficiency in food grains also affected the planning processes and gave a boost to the national self-confidence of then emerging democracies.

When I heard the poem, some of the lines rang a bell.

On June 23, 2016, a historic referendum took place in the United Kingdom (UK). The referendum question was: “Should the United Kingdom remain a member of the European Union or leave the European Union?” The possibility of Britain leaving the EU became known as Brexit. Over 30 million people voted in the referendum. The turnout was higher than Britain’s last general election. Eligible voters were British, Irish, and Commonwealth citizens (18 and over) living in the UK. On June 23, 52% of voters chose “Leave the European Union.” This shocked the world. Within hours, the value of the British pound (£) had fallen to a historic low and Prime Minister Cameron had stepped down. In the weeks following the referendum, millions of people signed a petition asking for a second referendum. The new prime minister, Theresa May, told citizens that “Brexit is Brexit.” Negotiating the exit will take approximately two years. The status and rights of British nationals living in the EU and of EU nationals living in the UK are a primary concern.

Speaking of names, it’s important to check how they are spelled — nobody wants to see their names misspelled. In English, there is often a ________ mix of ways of spelling names that are pronounced the same way: McIntosh or Mackintosh, Stevenson or Stephenson, Davis or Davies, Frances (female) or Francis (male).

In Book VII of “The Republic,” Plato paints a picture of ordinary people imprisoned in a shadowcave, unaware of the true reality hidden from them. When a prisoner is released from the cave, he initially suffers from the sun’s blinding brightness, yet as his eyes adjust he begins to see the truth. If he were to return underground to enlighten his former fellow prisoners, they would not believe him, ________. Plato’s allegory is a powerful metaphor for contemplating a divide between ignorance and enlightenment — between the “visible” world and the “intelligible” realm.

It was November: rain fell coldly and drearily. He buttoned himself in his long raincoat and went to meet her. She had promised to wear a red carnation; the suggestion was her own, and tickled him hugely. As the pink-faced suburbanites poured, in an icy stream, into the hot waiting-room, he looked for her. Presently he saw her: she came toward him immediately, since his height was unmistakable. They talked excitedly flustered, but gradually getting some preliminary sense of each other.

Climate change has narrowed the range where bumblebees are found in North America and Europe in recent decades, according to a recent study, published in the journal Science. [　　　　　　] “Bumblebee species across Europe and North America are declining at continental scales,” Jeremy T. Kerr, a conservation biologist at the University of Ottawa in Canada who was the lead author of the report, said at a news conference. “And our data suggest that climate change plays a leading, or perhaps the leading, role in this trend.”

(A) Logic would suggest that the northern reaches of their home turf^* would shift to higher latitudes by a corresponding distance.
(B) The paper suggests that warming temperatures have caused bumblebee populations to retreat from the southern limits of their travels by as much as 190 miles since the 1970s.
(C) But that has not happened, leading researchers to think that the more northern habitats may be less hospitable to them.
* turf: short, thick, even grass

The financial rewards of owning your own business may not happen (A) ________ you put in years of hard work. The desire to make money may not be enough to (B) ________ you going through the difficult early period.